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Python: (some) _io types

w_ = open('w_'    , 'w' )
wb = open('wb'    , 'wb')
rb = open(__file__, 'rb')

def cls(obj):
    print(' <- '.join( map(lambda t: '.'.join([t.__module__, t.__qualname__]), type(obj).mro())))

cls(w_)
cls(wb)
cls(rb)

The above code prints

_io.TextIOWrapper <- _io._TextIOBase <- _io._IOBase <- builtins.object
_io.BufferedWriter <- _io._BufferedIOBase <- _io._IOBase <- builtins.object
_io.BufferedReader <- _io._BufferedIOBase <- _io._IOBase <- builtins.object

_io.IOBase

_io.IOBase is the (abstract) base class for all I/O related classes. IOBase inherits from builtins.object

`close()`
`closed`
`fileno()`
`flush()`
`isatty()()rr`
`readable()`
`readline(size=- 1, /)`
`readlines(hint=- 1, /)`
`seek(offset, whence=SEEK_SET, /)`
`seekable()`
`truncate(size=None, /)`
`writable()`
`writelines(lines, /)`	Write the elements of the list `lines`. This method does not add new line characters!
`__del__()`

Note that _io.IOBase does not have read() or write().

_io.BufferedIOBase

_io.BufferedIOBase inherits from _io.IOBase.

`raw`
`detach()`
`read(size=- 1, /)`
`read1(size=- 1, /)`
`readinto(b, /)`
`readinto1(b, /)`
`write(b, /)`

_io.BufferedReader

_io.BufferedReader inherits from _io.BufferedIOBase.

`peek((size=0, /)`
`read(size=- 1, /)`
`read1(size=- 1, /)`

_io.BufferedWriter

_io.BufferedWriter inherits from _io.BufferedIOBase.

`flush()`
`write(b, /)`

_io.TextIOBase

_io.TextIOBase inherits from _io.IOBase

`encoding`
`errors`
`newlines`
`buffer`
`detach()`
`read(size=- 1, /)`
`readline(size=- 1, /)`
`seek(offset, whence=SEEK_SET, /)`
`tell()`
`write(s, /)`	Writes the string `s` and returns the number of characters written

_io.TextIOWrapper

_io.TextIOWrapper inherits from _io.TextIOBase.

`line_buffering`
`write_through`
`reconfigure(*[, encoding][, errors][, newline][, line_buffering][, write_through])`