Debian
Debian declares its Python install to be externally managed.
Thus, pip (and other installers) will refuse to install packages system-wide.
pip allows to install packages only
- to virtual environments
- to separate Python installations
- when the
--break-system-packages option is used (this option is not available in pip but must be stated with sudo python3 -m pip install --break-system-packages …)
- by setting the environment variable
PIP_BREAK_SYSTEM_PACKAGES to 1 and exporting it
- adding the option
break-system-packages = true under the [global] section in ~/.config/pip/pip.conf or /etc/pip.conf.
- Removing
/usr/lib/python3.x/EXTERNALLY-MANAGED
In Debian:
$ sudo python 3 -m pip install -U yt-dlp
× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
install.
If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package,
create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make
sure you have python3-full installed.
If you wish to install a non-Debian packaged Python application,
it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.
See /usr/share/doc/python3.11/README.venv for more information.