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Oracle: V$DATABASE

v$database contains database related information. Some (most? / all?) of this information is stored in the control file.
select 
  inst_id,
  dbid,
  name                         db_name,
  db_unique_name,
  --
  log_mode,
  database_role,
  flashback_on,
  guard_status,
  created                      db_creation,
  --
  current_scn,
  checkpoint_change#           scn_last_checkpoint,
  resetlogs_change#            scn_resetlogs,
  prior_resetlogs_change#      scn_prior_resetlogs,
  archive_change#              scn_db_archiving,
  min_required_capture_change# scn_min_required_checkpoint,
  controlfile_change#          last_scn_in_backup_ctrl_file,
  --
  archivelog_change#           ,             -- Highest NEXT_CHANGE# (from the V$ARCHIVED_LOG view) for an archive log
  --
  resetlogs_time,
  prior_resetlogs_time,
  controlfile_time,
  version_time,
  --
  controlfile_type,
  controlfile_created,
  controlfile_sequence#,
  open_resetlogs,
  open_mode,
  protection_mode,
  protection_level,
  remote_archive,               -- compare init-parameter: remote_archive_enable 
  activation#,
  switchover#,
  database_role,
  archivelog_compression,
  switchover_status,
  dataguard_broker,
  supplemental_log_data_min,
  supplemental_log_data_pk,
  supplemental_log_data_ui,
  force_logging,
  --
  platform_id,
  platform_name,
  --
  recovery_target_incarnation#,
  last_open_incarnation#,
  supplemental_log_data_fk,
  supplemental_log_data_all,
  standby_became_primary_scn,
  --
  fs_failover_status,
  fs_failover_current_target,
  fs_failover_threshold,
  fs_failover_observer_present,
  fs_failover_observer_host,
  --
  controlfile_converted,
  primary_db_unique_name,
  supplemental_log_data_pl
from
  gv$database
order by
  inst_id;
  
Github repository oracle-patterns, path: /Installed/dynamic-performance-views/database/columns.sql

log_mode

Determine if database is in archive or noarchive log mode.

checkpoint_change

Records the SCN of the last checkpoint.

database_role

Determines if a database is a primary or a (physical or logical) standby database.

force_logging

Is the database in force logging mode or not?

switchover_status

Can be used to determine if it is possible to perform a switchover operation Only available for physical standby databases.
Possible values:

protection_mode / protection_level

See protection modes in data guard

current_scn

Shows a database's current SCN.

platform_id, platform_name

Join platform_id (or platform_name, for that matter) with v$transportable_platform to determine the endianness of the data in the database:
select
   db.platform_id,
   db.platform_name,
   tp.endian_format
from
   v$database                db join
   v$transportable_platform  tp on db.platform_id = tp.platform_id;

CDB

Determines if the database is a container database (YES or NO).

See also

v$pdbs, v$containers
Oracle Dynamic Performance Views
Column cdb: multitenant architecture.

Index